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Ponder Scripture Newsletter
ith the seemingly
endless array of Bible-based articles, newsletters and other
publications currently available on the Internet, there is a
veritable "information overload" of sorts when it comes to searching
for various Bible-related topics. Since there is already an
abundance of Bible-related topics to choose from, you can well
imagine that one could devote his or her full time to reading these
studies. June and I have added our share of studies to
cyberspace, some of which are very lengthy. Indeed, some
topics require lengthy explanations to provide in-depth answers.
On this page, however, we want to keep things as "short and sweet"
as possible. While we primarily gear our writings to those who
share our understanding that the Torah is relevant for believers
today, anyone is welcome to read and offer feedback; however, due
to our schedules, we cannot guarantee a quick turn-around response
time. We invite you to direct all correspondence to seekutruth
at aol dot com.
Newsletter #21
What Do 1,000 Hebrew
Manuscripts With "Yehovah" Prove?
By Larry
and June Acheson
01/28/2018
n January 2018, a
friend sent
us a link to a posting on Nehemia Gordon’s “Nehemia’s Wall” web site
because he wanted to know our opinion about Nehemia’s jubilant claim that
he and his team, through diligent research, have now found over 1,000
Hebrew manuscripts in which the Tetragrammaton (יהוה)
is vowel-pointed so as to be pronounced “Yehovah.” This, they
claim, “ends the controversy” over how the Creator’s name is
pronounced because surely
1,000 manuscripts can’t be wrong: The scribes who so
diligently copied those manuscripts left us with the “true
pronunciation.” Or so they claim.
We
know there are many gullible believers out there who will fall
for the above reasoning. A few, however, may be a little
skeptical and if you're just a tiny bit skeptical of Nehemia’s
conclusion based on his team’s “research,” then this is
something for you to consider before reaching your
conclusion.
In
keeping with my friend’s request, June and I visited “Nehemia’s
Wall” and listened to Nehemia Gordon’s audio recording in which
he not only ecstatically supplied his report, but he also
included brief telephone inter-views with various team members
contributing to the 1,000+ manuscript tally. Within four
minutes of the 48-minute presentation, we knew his conclusion
was bogus, but if you are unfamiliar with what is known as the
“Ineffable Name Doctrine,” you
will
not likely catch the foundation of sand on which his proverbial
house of cards falls with a whimper. The “Ineffable Name
Doctrine” is a rabbinical Jewish prohibition against speaking
the Almighty’s name because, as the teaching goes, “It’s too
holy to pro-nounce.” In
fact, from the Jerusalem Talmud (compiled circa 4th
century CE) we learn that Jews by at least the 2nd century
believed that anyone speaking the Creator’s name “according to
its letters” will not be in the world to come.
In other words, to put it in lay-man’s terms, if you correctly
vocalize the Creator’s name, you’re going to hell. This is an
unscriptural teaching that is easily disproven, not only by the
fact that no such teaching is found in Scripture, but also by
the sheer fact that the Creator’s name appears at least 6,823
times in what is known as the Old Testament. In fact, in such
places as Isaiah 52:6, He says, “My people shall know My name.”
King David, a man after the Almighty’s own heart, implored his
constituents to call on the Creator’s name in such places as I
Chronicles 16:8. You might ask why King David would admonish
his people to call on the Creator by Name IF there was such a
thing as an “Ineffable Name Doctrine” in place during his
reign. That would be a great question, if anyone would ever
think to ask it. We’ll answer it anyway: The answer is, there
was no such thing as an “Ineffable Name Doctrine” during King
David’s lifetime; it is a Jewish tradition that came about much
later. How much later? That’s debatable, but suffice it to say
it is a teaching that’s completely foreign to Scripture.
Okay, back to Nehemia Gordon’s “1,000 Hebrew Manuscripts
with Yehovah” report. What invalidates it? Well, at around the
three-minute mark of his audio session he establishes the
approximate dating of the Hebrew manuscripts that he and his
team so painstakingly scoured: 895 CE. That’s the dating of
the oldest manuscript they came across. Now on the surface 895
CE may seem pretty old, which is why a lot of believers out
there who don’t know any better will share in Nehemia’s jubilant
claim. However, the “Ineffable Name Doctrine” that we mentioned
above was already in place by 895 CE. Not only was that
doctrine “in place,” though, it was entrenched in the
hearts of all rabbinical Jews.
We also need to establish that the Jewish system called
“vowel-pointing” wasn’t invented until around the 7th century
CE. You can look this up for yourself. We found this
information in The New Bible Dictionary , Tyndale House
Publishers, Inc., Wheaton, IL, article “Texts and Versions.” We
need to also point out that the “Ineffable Name Doctrine” was
already in full force by the time vowel points were devised.
For those of you who do not understand the importance of vowel
points, please let me summarize it by stating that the Hebrew
language doesn’t really have any vowels per se; the speaker has
to more or less know both language and context well enough to
know how to pronounce each consonantal word. For example, if I
say, “Jhn rd th trn t wrk,” many individuals would automatically
know to supply vowels to form the understanding that John rode
the train to work. However, in the Hebrew Bible there are
enough instances in which the reader needs help to know which
specific Hebrew word is intended and how to pronounce it. It
was in response to this need that Jewish scholars devised a
system of vowel points. When these vowel points were
formulated, the rabbinical scribes (called “Masoretes”)
simultaneously and on purpose determined to “mis-vowel-point”
the Creator’s name. This is something that Judaism admits to
having done, so it’s no secret and it shouldn’t even be a
controversy, in spite of what some folks may want you to
believe.
So now it’s time to connect the dots. By the time vowel
points were invented, the Ineffable Name doctrine was already
indelibly etched in the minds and hearts of rabbinical Judaism
to the point that they intentionally mis-vowel-pointed the
Creator’s name so as to prevent their young students from
inadvertently blurting out the correct pronunciation. After
all, they didn’t want their offspring to miss out on being in
“the world to come.” Since we know that Judaism deliberately
mis-vowel-pointed the Tetragrammaton when copying Hebrew
manu-scripts, why would we seek out those same manuscripts in an
attempt to validate the correct pronunciation of the
Tetragrammaton? That would be akin to using the Queen James
Bible version to validate a belief that ancient believers
supported the gay lifestyle. Just as the gay translators’
agenda was to remove any negative references to homosexual
relationships, in the same way, the rabbinical scribes’ agenda
was to remove any semblance of how to properly vocalize the
Creator’s name. The scribes admitted to inserting a deliberate
lie (i.e., mis-vowel-pointing the Tetragrammaton). Why would
anyone want to check to see the number of manuscripts in which
this lie was perpetrated and then claim, “This proves how His
Name is to be pronounced”? The only thing rabbinical Judaism
proved is how His name is not to be pronounced. To that
we say, “Thank you for letting us know.”
Long before vowel points were invented, a far superior
means of knowing how to vocalize
יהוה
was recorded for those who are earnestly seeking
the answer to this question. What is this superior method?
It’s called “transliteration into other languages.” Greeks in
the 4th and 5th centuries CE wrote that the Name is pro-nounced
either Yahbay or Yahve. One Greek author wrote that Samaritans render the Name
as “Ιαβε,” which we would
transliterate as “Yah-bay” in English.
However, we know the “b” sound is slightly off-kilter
because the Hebrew letter “waw” (ו)
doesn’t carry a “b” sound. Many scholars agree the
most ancient rendering of the Hebrew “waw” has a “w” sound.
Thus, it appears the Greek author who overheard the
Samaritans didn’t quite hear the “w” sound, possibly due to
dialectal differences. Nevertheless, regardless of how
correctly the Greek author overheard the Samaritan
believers, one thing is clear: The Samaritans came
close enough to correctly vocalizing the Name that
rabbinical Judaism specifically singled them out as not
having a future in “the world to come.”
Don’t get me wrong: We’re not claiming
to know the precise vocalization of
יהוה,
but I will claim there are several legitimate reasons
for believing that Yahweh comes very close, if not
precisely correct. But if I were seeking to validate the
true, 100% precise
pronunciation, the last place I would turn would
be rabbinical Judaism—i.e., those who teach that you’re going to
hell if you utter it! How would you expect them to
respond to such an inquiry? Would
they answer, “Well, I realize I’m not going to be in the world
to come for telling you this, but the correct vocalization is Yehovah”?
Seriously? When it comes to Hebrew manuscripts
containing the vowel-pointed Tetragrammaton, it doesn’t
matter to us if someone claims to have found 1,000 or
1,000,000 manuscripts. Either way, how can we trust
the vowel pointings by those who forthrightly teach that the
Creator’s name is too sacred to pronounce?
If anything, the fact that the Tetragrammaton is never
vowel-pointed in such a way as to be pronounced Yahweh
serves as evidence that this pronunciation may well be
correct. Moreover, the fact that after all this time, i.e.,
since 895 ce,
no Jews or Jewish rabbis have ever come forward to
bemoan the "fact" that the scribes goofed and correctly
vowel-pointed the Tetragrammaton—this in and of itself
demonstrates that they did no such thing. Otherwise, the
rabbis would have scrambled to make corrections in order to
prevent their young learners from inadvertently speaking the
Name—and thereby being denied a place in the "world to
come."
As
stated above, June and I do not claim to know with 100%
certainty the precise pronunciation of
יהוה;
we have long maintained that this is a topic each
individual should research for himself or herself. Nevertheless, as is the case with folks such as Nehemia Gordon,
certain ones will smugly promote their view as being “more
correct,” and that is why June and I composed our study “Pronunciation
of the Tetragrammaton” back in 2010. If you
would like a more in-depth explanation of why we believe as
we do, we invite you to read it. It also covers other claims
put forth by Nehemia Gordon and his partner, Keith Johnson,
such as their teaching that Yahweh is the name of a
pagan deity. Coincidentally, the same year we published our
study, Johnson published a book titled His Hallowed Name
Revealed Again, in which he claims that in the oldest
available manuscripts of the Hebrew Bible (the Aleppo Codex
and the Leningrad Codex), the scribes correctly
vowel-pointed
יהוה
so as to be pronounced Yehovah fifty times. This
number 50 is treated as the code, or prophetic fingerprint,
by which the Almighty divinely "hid His name in plain sight"
as a means of preserving its true pronunciation for those
who are discerning enough to figure it out. Johnson doesn't
know if the scribes did this accidentally or on purpose, but
he is so convinced this is what happened that he presents
his conclusion as fact, whereas those who refer to
the Almighty as Yahweh are only guessing at
how His name is pronounced. Keith writes, "I remember how
excited I was when Nehemia explained the grammatical
principles that demonstrate why
יהוה
cannot be pronounced 'Yahweh.'"[2]
Personally, I would rather humbly guess and be
wrong than be smugly certain I'm right—and end up finding
out I was indeed right all along. I am persuaded the
Almighty wants us to know and reverently call on His name,
but I don't think He is honored when we engage in spiritual
battles over who's right and who's wrong about how to
pronounce it.
Notice what is recorded in the Jerusalem Talmud:
R.
Joshua b. Levi said, “Even if one has said, ‘When a man has
on the skin of his body a swelling or an eruption or a spot,
and it turns into a leprous disease on the skin of his body’
(Lev. 13:2), and then has spat—he has no portion in the
world to come.”
Abba Saul says, “Also: he who pronounces the divine Name as
it is spelled out.”
R.
Mana said, “For example, the Cutheans, who take an oath
thereby.”
R.
Jacob bar Aha said, “It is written YH[WH] and pronounced
AD[onai].”

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